So what you are saying is if they book through a tour operator they likely aren’t spending much money in Canada other than the cost of the train. Since not everyone is likely booking through one of these tour operators, but could be booking through VIA instead, this googling of itineraries doesn’t really tell us anything.
Below is a 20 days/19 night "
Canada Coast to Coast by Train" itinerary, which includes one night on board the Ocean and 3 nights on board the Canadian, two daytime trips each on board VIA (QBEC=>MTRL, MTRL=>TRTO) and Rocky Mountaineer (Banff=>Kamloops=>Vancouver) with a total of 15 hotel nights (two hotel nights each in HLFX, QBEC, MTRL, TRTO, Banff and VCVR and one night each in JASP, Lake Louise and Kamloops):
If you go through the "What's included", you'll find that they rely on a bunch of suppliers:
- VIA Rail for transportation HLFX=>QBEC=>MTRL=>TRTO=>JASP and Sleeper accommodation (Ocean, Canadian)
- Rocky Mountaineer for transportation and Hotels Banff=>Kamloops=>Vancouver
- Local hotels for HLFX, QBEC, MTRL, TRTO, JASP and Lake Louise
- Local transportation companies in HLFX and VCVR for the airport transfers
- Local tour companies for a total of 9 tours in HLFX (Day 2), QBEC (Days 4 and 5), MTRL (Day 7), TRTO (Day 9), Jasper National Park (Days 13 and 14), Banff (Day 16) and VCVR (Day 19)
- Local restaurants for a total of 4 Dinners included in package in HLFX (Day 2), MTRL (Day 6), TRTO (Day 8) and Lake Louise (Day 14)
And all of this is organized by a company
apparently based in Vancouver. I didn't go through their company register and analyzed their ownership structure, but I would assume that more than 90% of the package price remains within Canada (given that all their main suppliers seem to be located in Canada). Also, as you can see, only about half of the meals are included (assuming Hotel stays include Breakfast), which leaves plenty of meals the passengers will have to pay for during their trip. And given that they had the $14+k per person sitting around to shell out for their vacation, I'm confident that virtually all of them will take place in quite decent Restaurants rather than being substituted by a sandwich bought in a grocery store...
All told, a couple of international tourists booking above package will easily spend $40k in Canada (which it would have otherwise spent somewhere else in the world), which generates $2k in federal sales tax revenues alone...
Edit: Maybe another example, which allows us to calculate the "multiplier" (i.e., by how much the total amount spent exceeds the cost of VIA's train fare, here is a 8-night "Canadian Cross-Country Journey" itinerary which includes 2 nights in hotels (the examples shown are all Fairmont hotels) each in TRTO and VCVR and the Canadian inbetween:
If we compare the package price with the cheapest fare for a Cabin for 2 ($1,524+tx per person, double-occupation), then the package would represent a multiplier of 3.6 (i.e., $3.60 spent in Canada in total for each dollar spent on a VIA fare: $5,490/$1,524) - and that is before considering that the tourists will spend considerably on Restaurants and other services or goods while in the country...