from the above BMO report:
Toronto: High Valuations, Again
Greater Toronto house prices have nearly doubled in the
past decade, and now stand at a
high 6.7-times family
income, compared with 4.3-times in 2001.
This is
comparable to valuations in the late 1980s that were
subsequently followed by a 25% slide in prices. But the key
difference now is that mortgage rates are under 4%
instead of near 14%, which underpins affordability. That
said, while high valuations might be sustainable in an
ultra-low rate climate, they could come under pressure in a
more normal rate environment. Given our outlook for a
moderate increase in rates in the next two years, prices
could soften or at least stabilize for a while. A possible
overhang of condos could aggravate the weakness.
Urbanation warns that condo rents haven’t kept up with
ownership costs, suggesting some investors (who buy
about half of new units) could sell in the face of higher
rates or lower prices, thereby aggravating a correction.
That said, continued sturdy immigration, with one-third of
the nation’s immigrants (or 92,000 people) settling in the
GTA last year, should help to cushion the blow.
The Bottom Line: Current valuations flag the possibility of
lower prices in Vancouver, steadier to softer prices in
Toronto, and firmer prices in Calgary in the near future.
Moreover, high valuations in some regions, coupled with
elevated household debts, suggest Canada’s real estate
market is vulnerable to a correction in the event of a rapid
increase in interest rates (due to higher inflation), a sharp
increase in unemployment (because of a U.S. double-dip),
or a slowing in foreign investment (because of a hard
landing in China). The housing market’s sensitivity to rate
increases could, in turn, temper the course of future Bank
of Canada tightening.