BIG MOVE #3
An expanded Union Station – the heart of the GTHA’s transportation system.
1.3 The City of Toronto is proceeding with the revitalization of Union Station to provide new passenger concourse areas, accommodate GO Transit rail expansion, improve pedestrian access to and through the building, and expand customer amenities and retail areas. Metrolinx will work with the City of Toronto, GO Transit, and stakeholders on a long-range strategy that builds on the work already underway, to ensure that all existing and future initiatives to improve Union Station and its surrounding precinct are coordinated to implement the RTP. Union Station will become a customer-focused facility that provides seamless connections between all modes of transportation and the surrounding downtown Toronto area. Union Station should be developed in a way that maximizes not only the value of the station itself, including its cultural heritage value, but also the immediate precinct and broader region that it directly serves. It should also meet the needs of the passenger throughput that will result from the implementation of the RTP. The following will be clearly addressed:
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1.5 Establish regional rapid transit connections outside the GTHA, such as the conceptual network shown in Appendix C, that connects the GTHA’s transit network to municipalities surrounding the GTHA and to other destinations outside of the region with both public and private transit services, in a manner that supports the urban structure objectives of the Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe and Greenbelt Plan.
1.6 In collaboration with the federal government, Québec and other provinces, private sector passenger transportation operators and other key stakeholders, identify concrete opportunities to align regional and national transportation objectives, including linking regional networks to national and international networks such as VIA Rail.
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1.13 To the maximum extent possible, new transit infrastructure, including transit vehicles and technologies, should be compatible across the region and utilize common international standards. This would allow for better integration of transit services, inter-operability across the region, and cost-effective procurement.
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CHOOSING THE RIGHT TECHNOLOGY
The regional rapid transit network in Schedules 1 and 2 identifies several types of transit service: Express Rail, Regional Rail, Subway, and Other Rapid Transit (comprises Light Rail Transit, Bus Rapid Transit, Automated Guided Transit, and other technologies). These categories are based on the level of service provided. Within each category, several types of technologies are possible. Many of these categories overlap. Subsequent to the RTP, projects identified in the regional rapid transit network will undergo a more detailed Benefits Case Analysis to determine the most appropriate technology.
More information on these categories and technologies is available in the backgrounder entitled “Transit Technologies, December 2008”.
EXPRESS RAIL
Yamanote Line (Tokyo)
Réseau Express Régional (Paris)
Bay Area Rapid Transit (San Francisco)
High-speed trains, typically electric, serving primarily longer-distance regional trips with two-way, all-day service. Station locations would generally be the same as those of regional rail, but with faster and more frequent service.
Average Speed: 50 – 80 kilometres per hour
Frequency: as low as five minutes between trains
Capacity: 25,000 – 40,000 passengers per hour
Stations: two to five kilometres apart
REGIONAL RAIL
River Line (New Jersey)
Deux-Montagnes Line (Montréal)
GO Train (GTHA)
Diesel-electric or electric trains serving primarily longer-distance regional trips.
Average Speed: 30 – 50 kilometres per hour
Frequency: as low as 10 minutes between trains
Capacity: 5,000 – 20,000 passengers per hour
Stations: two to five kilometres apart
SUBWAY
Toronto Subway (Toronto)
Tunnelbanan (Stockholm)
Metro (Washington D.C.)
High capacity, heavy rail transit that is fully-grade separated from other traffic, predominantly underground.
Average Speed: 25 – 50 kilometres per hour
Frequency: as low as 90 seconds between trains
Capacity: 25,000 – 40,000 passengers per hour
Stations: spacing varies depending on desired speeds
OTHER RAPID TRANSIT
T3 Tram (Paris)
Rede Integrada de Transporte (Curitiba, Brazil)
RandstadRail (Netherlands)
A broad category that includes Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), Light Rail Transit (LRT), Automated Guided Transit (AGT) and other technologies that operate completely or mostly in their own rights-of-way, separate from mixed traffic. Also includes buses operating in mixed traffic on controlled-access expressways that employ congestion management such as tolls, thereby allowing the buses to maintain high average speeds. Speed and reliability can be increased significantly with gradeseparation from other traffic (i.e. above-ground or below-ground) that allows the transit to bypass or have priority at signalized intersections.
Average Speed: 15 – 40 kilometres per hour (higher for dedicated bus transitways on controlled-access expressways or in mixed traffic on tolled controlled-access expressways)
Frequency: as low as 90 seconds between trains/buses
Capacity: 2,000 – 25,000 passengers per hour
Stations: spacing varies depending on desired speeds
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