There is one option that missing here... designing streets and cities for people and restricting automobile movement.
While I'm content to support this idea, not merely in theory, but in practice where feasible...........
I do think we need to acknowledge that would take an enormous investment, on the order a an Ontario Line a year worth of investment in transit, but also in roads, supermarkets, cycling, etc That's a generational if not 2 x generational shift.
Not to say we shouldn't be working in that direction; but we do need to acknowledge an interim state; we also have to have a funding plan for the change involved; and we have to address certain practical questions.
For instance, its nice to say we might make every major road or every second major road car-free, but how exactly do we get the trucks to the supermarkets, or pick up the garbage?
Bringing transit closer to people and making walking a cycling straight forward, also means, to my mind, at the minimum, completing a 1km on a centre street grid of 'major' roads, which can support frequent transit.
I would argue for an even finer grid oriented to walking/cycling. (at least every 500M, preferably closer).
We also need to establish all sorts of new highway/railway crossings.
Complete a rear-laneway system where that doesn't now exist.....
And; of course, build up the capacity, redundancy and attractiveness of public transit.
