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G8...No Seat for China, other big economies

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samsonyuen

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From: www.dfw.com/mld/dfw/busin...995858.htm
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Posted on Sat, Jul. 08, 2006
No G-8 seat for China, other big economies
TOM RAUM
Associated Press

WASHINGTON - The G-8 summit that President Bush and seven other world leaders are attending next weekend in Russia is often billed as a gathering of the world's leading economic powers. It is not. Consider: China, now the world's fourth-largest economy and the nation with the most influence over renegade North Korea, is not a member.

Neither is India, the world's largest democracy and one of its fastest-growing economies. Nor is South Korea, Brazil, Mexico or Spain, each with a larger economy than G-8 member Russia's. In fact, Spain recently inched past member Canada as the world's No. 8 economy, according to a World Bank tabulation.

Often officials from developing nations are invited as observers to the summit but have no formal roles. Among those invited to this year's gathering is Chinese President Hu Jintao.

Critics view the annual economic summit as a Cold War relic that needs to be reconstituted. It was formed in the 1970s, but economic dynamics are far different three decades later. The astonishing growth of some Asian nations and parts of Latin America have altered the math.

Yet expanding or changing the membership is not on this year's agenda, nor is it likely to be on next year's. Few officials from member nations seem eager to talk about the subject.

White House aides insist the president is more focused on substantive issues.

Igor Shuvalov, Russian President Vladimir Putin's top summit adviser, acknowledges that Russia lags behind the other seven members in terms of current economic output. But stay tuned, he says.

"We believe the importance of Russia in our global world will change. We have very talented people and well-educated labor. We have oil and gas," said Shuvalov in a telephone interview with U.S. reporters. "We will develop very quickly as one of the major G-8 countries."

Even now, Russia is economically "stronger than some G-8 members," Shuvalov asserted without offering backup data. "I don't want to name those countries," he said.

What is now known as the G-8 was formed in 1975 as the Group of Major Industrialized Democracies. At the time, it consisted of the United States, Japan, Britain, France and Germany - undisputedly the world's five biggest economic powers at the time. Italy was added in 1976, Canada in 1977 and Russia in 1998.

The group holds annual summits. Economic themes are supposed to prevail, but often are overshadowed by events of the day and global politics.

Last year's summit in Scotland was jolted by multiple terrorist bomb blasts on London's transit system. This year's session probably will dwell on North Korea's recent barrage of missile tests and the nuclear aspirations it shares with Iran.

Robert Hormats, vice chairman of Goldman Sachs International and an expert on economic summitry, advocates expanding the G-8 to include other modern economic powers, especially China.

"When this group was formed in the 1970s, the members were the main influences on the globe. Now you've got a lot of other countries that have a lot more influence than they did 30 years ago and who are not in the process," said Hormats, who helped Presidents Carter, Ford and Reagan prepare for economic summits.

China's membership could help the G-8 this year deal with North Korea, Hormats said. He noted that last year, the summit partners called on the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries to produce more oil, yet neither Saudi Arabia nor any other OPEC member are participants.

This year's summit is in Putin's hometown, St. Petersburg. It is Russia's first time to hold the rotating G-8 presidency, a controversy itself given Putin's moves to restrict political and economic freedoms.

Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., Rep. Tom Lantos, D-Calif., and former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright have said Russia should be excluded. A London-based think tank, the Foreign Policy Center, issued a report saying Putin's record makes a mockery of G-8's commitment to free markets and open societies.

But others want Russia to stay and for other nations to join, including nondemocracies that are big economies.

Johannes Linn and Colin Bradford, both former World Bank officials now with the Brookings Institution, have proposed expanding the group to 19 to 20 members.

They would add Australia, Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Korea, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, South Africa and Turkey. They also would add the country of the rotating presidency of the European Union if it was not already a member.

"The problem in a sense for the G-8 is that it has set itself up as a quasi-steering group for the world, but it cannot effectively and cannot legitimately deal with many of the key issues," Linn said.

And it will only get worse. "Five years from now, I cannot possibly see how a G-8 would still be relevant," he said.

Gee whiz.

But will the G-8 transform itself anytime soon? "Probably not," he said.
 
The G20 don't really do much though (not that the G7 or G8 do), but I agree, it doesn't seem the writer knew about it.
 
From: uk.news.yahoo.com/1307200...d-g13.html
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Blair wants G8 expanded to G13
Thursday July 13, 06:41 AM

LONDON (AFP) - Prime Minister Tony Blair wants China, India, Brazil, Mexico and South Africa to join the G8 to secure multilateral deals on trade, climate change and Iran, The Guardian newspaper said.
He wants the five countries to become members of a wider G13, a view he will put forward at this weekend's Saint Petersburg summit of the Group of Eight leading industrial powers, the British daily reported after an interview with Blair.

The British premier believed the first fruits of closer

engagement could be a break in the logjam in the ailing Doha round of world trade talks.
Canada, Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, hosts Russia and the United States for the G8.

At the summit, Blair intended to push for a successor to the Kyoto treaty on climate change, a process he believed would be greatly helped by the inclusion of big emerging economies.

"There is no way we can deal with climate change inless we get an agreement that binds in the United States, China and India," he told The Guardian.

"We have got to get an agreement with a binding framework -- of that I am in no doubt at all.

"There is no point in thinking Congress is going to enter a commitment to change the structure of the US economy without China and India being part of the deal."

Blair said the G8 had to recognise that Iran was "a test case for multilateralism".

"If we cannot come together and agree a common line on Iran, which is a global threat, it is damaging.

"If an issue as crucial and sensitive, but not actually of direct national interest or threatening our existence, if we cannot come together and agree a common line, then that is serious."

Blair added that he was confident Russian President Vladimir Putin would not be able to avoid a debate on Russia's slide from democracy at the annual summit.

Blair pledged that British views on democratic values and human rights would be put across strongly "without wrecking the hotel room".
 
From: www.thestar.com/NASApp/cs...iness/News
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Forget G-8, it's time we had a G-20
GLOBAL ISSUES A larger world body could actually help solve some of the more pressing problems we face, writes columnist David Crane
Jul. 16, 2006. 01:00 AM
DAVID CRANE

With the G-8 leaders winding up yet another costly summit, this time in St. Petersburg, it is worth asking how much value this annual extravaganza delivers. The reality is that on most of the issues the G-8 leaders want to deal with, other players are needed if solutions are to be found.
Although the G-8 countries — the United States, Japan, Germany, France, Britain, Italy, Canada and Russia — are important, they cannot by themselves deal with most of the challenges facing the world today, from climate change and energy shortages to nuclear proliferation or the threat of a pandemic.
Other countries, such as China, India, Brazil, Mexico and South Africa must be involved.
Leaders from these other countries are invited to join G-8 discussions on some issues. But they are peripheral participants and clearly not at the table of G-8 leaders or central to decision making. This represents an enormous gap in our ability to set global priorities and deal with global problems.
As former World Bank vice president Johannes Linn told a recent Washington symposium, the G-8 "has set itself up as a quasi-steering group for the world but it cannot effectively and cannot legitimately deal with many of the key issues," adding that "five years from now I cannot possibly see how a G-8 would still be relevant."
In the years ahead, managing globalization, in all its dimensions, will be the world's toughest challenge, so we need some way to guide global development. We will have a larger population — about 9 billion people compared to about 6.5 billion now. We will have much greater demands for energy and other natural resources, with a global economy more than four times bigger than it is today, and far greater pressures on the environment, from climate change to clean air and water.
When the G-group was started in 1975 as the G-6 (United States, Japan, Germany, France, Britain and Italy) it was faced with the Cold War challenge of the Soviet Union and presented itself as an alliance of democracies. (Canada was admitted in 1976 and Russia as a full member in 1997.)
The rise of countries such as China, India, Brazil and Mexico as major economic players was not anticipated. Even South Korea was at a much-less-developed stage of economic accomplishment.
Today the world is much different, and it will be even more different in the years ahead. China could be the world's largest economy by 2050 and already ranks fourth, behind the United States, Japan and Germany. India is coming on strong.
At the same time, the United States has been weakened by its large and growing debt to the rest of the world while Europe, Russia and Japan face declining populations.
Various suggestions have been made on how to move beyond the G-8 as a body to help guide and manage the planet we all share. British Prime Minister Tony Blair has proposed the G-8 become the G-13 by adding China, India, Mexico, Brazil, and South Africa.
Another suggestion, one heavily promoted by former prime minister Paul Martin, is to create what has become known as an L-20 — a summit of leaders from the same countries that already belong to the G-20 of finance ministers.
The G-20 was established in 1999, in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis, to advance global economic stability and growth. Martin, then finance minister, was its first chair. In addition to the G-8 countries it includes Australia (the current chair), Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey and the European Union presidency.
Linn, now at the Brookings Institution, says an L-20 would represent 90 per cent of the world economy, about two-thirds of the world population and capture almost all the issues and major players that matter.
Angel Gurria, the new OECD secretary general and former finance and foreign minister of Mexico, is a strong supporter of the G-20 and an L-20. "The idea is valid. It has potential. It is needed. It is worth pursuing," he told an Ottawa conference.
One of the opportunities for each G-8 chair is to set the agenda for the leader's summit he or she hosts. Canada next gets to host the G-8 in 2010.
In preparation for that summit, we should already be starting to study what will replace the G-8. In the interests of a better-managed global society that is prosperous, safe, healthy and sustainable, a new approach is needed.
 
My understanding is that the G8 is informally understood to be representative of the leading nations of the immediate post-war era. These nations, almost exclusively democratic, with strong middle class societies (save perhaps Russia) share much history and economic ties. China, which is essentially the west's sweat shop, while powerful today, shares little history, politics or commonality with the other G8 members.
 
Re: Who's afraid of change?

I think a lot of it has to do with the G8 nations being reluctant to admit that their relative importance is declining while other countries overtake them. Regardless of the issues they try to address, there is no good reason to exclude countries such as China and India.
 
Re: Who's afraid of change?

I think a lot of it has to do with the G8 nations being reluctant to admit that their relative importance is declining while other countries overtake them.
I very much doubt that Italy, for example, ever thought their relative industrial importance was greater than China's. IMO, the G8 is an exclusive club for these nations. The G-21 or whatever it's called includes China.
 
Re: Who's afraid of change?

G8 is not so much the eight largest economies, but rather a special interest group of the seven largest highly developed economies (with Russia tacked on).
 
G8 is not so much the eight largest economies, but rather a special interest group of the seven largest highly developed economies (with Russia tacked on).
That's what I was trying to convey, you said it better.
 

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